Reflecting changing US demographics

The daughter of a Jamaican father and Indian mother, both immigrants, Kamala Harris reflects the United States' changing demographics.

When she steps onto the stage on Thursday evening in Chicago to accept the Democratic Party's nomination as their presidential candidate, she will represent the country's fastest growing racial category.

Some 42 million Americans now identify as multiracial, or 13 per cent of the country, according to the US Census Bureau. That is up from 2 per cent in 2000 when the census first allowed people to select multiple races.

America has long been a self-styled "melting pot" of people who trace their origins around the world, but in practice some states legally segregated citizens by race until the civil rights laws of the 1960s and laws prohibiting interracial marriage were not overturned until 1967.

Social change since, though, has been rapid. Barack Obama was elected as the country's first Black president in 2008, and Harris would be the first Black woman and South Asian if elected in November.

"We're living in a situation 50 years later where we could be looking at our second mixed-race president, and it's beautiful," said Svante Myrick, president of People for the American Way, an advocacy group, whose father was Black and his mother white.

America's future will look even more diverse. The vast majority of multiracial people are younger than 44 and a third are still children. The trend has been met by confusion, upset and worse from some of the US's shrinking white majority. Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump drew groans at a gathering of Black journalists last month when he falsely portrayed Harris as pivoting from Indian to Black.

"I don't know, is she Indian or is she Black," Trump said. "But you know what, I respect either one."

Harris has long identified with both her parents' ancestry. In Trump's remarks, some multiracial people saw echoes of their own experience of being asked to choose one or the other.

Harris' upbringing makes her a better leader for America, Democrats in Chicago said.

"When you have individuals who carry multiple experiences in the same person, that's an asset," said Representative Maxwell Frost, who is Lebanese, Puerto Rican and Haitian, speaking at a Politico event on the sidelines of the convention. "That enhances her ability to legislate and advocate" on behalf of a broad range of Americans. The Harris campaign did not respond to a request for comment, nor did spokespeople for Trump. As the US becomes more diverse and multicultural, white nationalist groups continue to thrive online, pushing conspiracy theories such as the "The Great Replacement", while some Republican lawmakers have focused on banning books and canceling classes focused on racial history.

Thousands of racial hate crimes are reported yearly, with 232 aimed at people of multiple races in 2022, the most recent year for which FBI data is available.

"Unfortunately, we're really into a period of backlash," said Matthew Belmont, a Dartmouth College history professor who has studied the demographic trend, despite the 2020 election of Harris as vice president and her administration's elevation of racial justice priorities.

"So much of that was push back that really emerged in response to the Obama presidency and it was really stoked among people who are scared by the demographic trends in the United States."

Tara Betrayer, an Afro-Latina and white conservative co-founder of political action committee the Seneca Project, said she was once attracted to the Republican Party in part because of its emphasis on color-blind policies.

"Do Democrats take it too far at times with the racial identity politics? Well, yeah," she said. Now an independent, Betrayer said some of the Republican Party's recent rhetoric on issues including illegal migration carried undercurrents of racism. Republicans reject those criticisms, saying their focus on border controls are aimed at securing the country for all Americans.

"This is really their last gasp at trying to stop the country from evolving, and I think they're missing out on something that's beautiful," Betrayer said.