As Eid al Adha approaches, villages across Oman are awaken during the first nine days of Dhul-Hijjah, with people flocking to the traditional open-air markets known as habta.
These fairs, steeped in rich cultural history, have long been the heart of festive preparations, where communities gather to buy everything from livestock to handcrafted goods, and where social bonds are strengthened through shared customs.
Historically, habtas were the quintessential destination for Omani families to prepare for Eid.
Located in squares between historic forts and valleys with flowing waters, these markets offer a wide array of products, including fresh fruits, vegetables, sweets, spices, traditional clothing, and ornate crafts.
Some habtas even sell traditional lightweight weapons like rifles, daggers, sticks, belts, and swords that men of all ages adorn themselves with, as well as Omani garments like the massar, kumma, and dishdasha.
The air becomes thick with the scent of frankincense and the sounds of merchants calling out their wares, creating an atmosphere of excitement and anticipation.
However, with the advent of modern shopping malls and commercial centres, the role of habtas has evolved. While contemporary retail establishments provide convenience and a broad selection of goods under one roof, they lack the unique cultural essence and communal spirit that characterise the traditional habtas.
Today, the habta is predominantly known for its livestock market, where goats, sheep, and cattle are sold for the sacrificial rites of Eid al Adha.
“Previously, habtas were mostly attended by locals from the town and surrounding villages due to difficulties traveling. Designated areas sold dates, livestock, agricultural products like grains, and household goods. The habta day was a grand celebration, with men sporting their traditional daggers, rifles and belts, and women and children dressed in traditional attire. Some habtas even hosted Arabian horse races, cultural folk dances, with most products being locally made in Oman," Khater al-Alawi, a poet and a vendor in Sur habta.
Despite the rise of malls and new shops, habta markets remain an integral part of Omani heritage. These markets serve as a living testament to the nation's traditions. The hustle and bustle of buying livestock for Eid sacrifice is a scene of enduring cultural significance.
Families often bring their children to experience the sights and sounds of the habta, ensuring that the younger generation remains connected to their roots. It remains a source of excitement for kids who wake up early, many in traditional dress, eagerly spending their saved money on different toys and accessories to proudly show off at home, fulfilling one of the aims of the joyous Eid celebrations.
For many Omanis, visiting the habta is more than a shopping trip; it is a cherished tradition. The lively interactions, the negotiation between buyers and sellers, and the palpable sense of community all contribute to the unique charm of these markets. The livestock section of the habta, in particular, draws significant attention as farmers proudly display their animals and buyers seek the best quality for their Eid sacrifices.
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