MUSCAT, OCT 11
A comprehensive research study conducted at Sultan Qaboos University has revealed a persistent issue in the extensive wheat fields of Najd in Dhofar Governorate: the rampant growth of weeds. These weeds relentlessly compete with wheat plants for essential resources such as food, water, and sunlight, ultimately leading to reduced yields and economic returns for farmers.
The study, titled "Effective Strategies for Weed Management in Wheat Fields to Enhance Food Security," was conducted by a team of experts: Dr. Mohammed Farouk, Head of the Plant Sciences Department and Associate Professor; Dr Walid bin Mubarak al Busaidi, a Gardening Researcher; and Dr Ali bin Masoud al Subhi, a Researcher specializing in Plant Diseases, in the Faculty of Agricultural and Marine Sciences.
The research team closely observed a mix of fine grasses and broad-leaved herbs in the Najd wheat fields. They found that the use of wheat seeds containing harmful weed seeds, along with the application of fresh, partially decomposed, and unheated animal manure, significantly contributed to the proliferation of weeds. Unfortunately, many farmers have been neglecting proper weed management, often relying on costly and inefficient mechanical control methods.
The team also highlighted the fact that chemical pesticides for weed control are prohibited in the Sultanate of Oman. However, some farmers have resorted to illegal imported herbicides. Nevertheless, due to a lack of knowledge and technical expertise in deploying chemical pesticides for weed control, this approach has not proven effective in curbing the economic losses caused by weeds.
The team's conclusion emphasized the urgent need for proactive and effective weed management strategies in wheat fields. Implementing these strategies is projected to increase wheat production by 20-30 per cent, thereby contributing significantly to Oman's pursuit of food security.
The research team has proposed a set of measures to combat the weed problem in wheat fields, thereby contributing to enhanced food security and environmental protection. These measures include: Using certified wheat seeds free of weed seeds; Applying well-decomposed animal manure; Implementing integrated weed management (IWM) practices that combine cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical control methods; and Raising awareness among farmers about the significance of weed management and the safe and effective use of herbicides
According to Eng Fael al Jahfali of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Water Resources, invasive weeds pose a significant threat crop cultivation in Dhofar Governorate, with resultant impacts for the environment, livestock, and agricultural production.
He called for collaborative efforts involving specialized institutions, farmers, and other stakeholders to implement effective control measures, including planting resistant varieties, chemical control, and mechanical control.
Al-Jahfali highlighted that invasive weeds can reduce agricultural crop production, harm trees and wild plants, deplete soil fertility, and increase the risk of desertification. Some invasive weed types have adapted to the desert environment, making them even more challenging to control.
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