Studies hint at Samharam as centre for provincial art

Salalah, Jan 2 - Samharam city, some 40 km from Salalah in Dhofar Governorate, was a centre for provincial art, according to archaeological studies, as magnificent artworks have been found in its ruins. Samharam has now been turned into an archaeological park. Prof Alessandra Avanzini, who worked as director of the Italian Mission in Oman (IMTO), said the proof of Khor Rori’s provincial art lies in the works of artisans whose works include engraved stones in various shapes. Prominent among them are figures of animals such as lions, deer, snakes and mosaic cuttings. The level of perfection is quite conspicuous. “Artistes were equipped with sharp metal tools to cut the rock and come out with perfect shapes,” said an associate of Prof Alessandra involved in the excavations at Samharam. Some abstract structures and efforts to make human eyes by engraving hard stones have also been found at the site which, according to historians, was founded in the 3rd century BC and likely to have abandoned in the 5th century AD. Some decorated shells, now preserved in one of the metropolitan museums, reflect the perfection of the artists. The works speak volumes about the culture, society and prosperity, and the society of Samharam. IMTO and the Office of the Adviser to His Majesty the Sultan for Cultural Affairs have developed a multidisciplinary programme in which archaeological activities are backed by scientific analysis and studies of the materials, the environment and historical background. The programme throws light on many aspects of Samharam, including the art and culture in those days. Samharam is one of the most-visited archaeological sites in Oman. UNESCO had listed it among the World Heritage Sites in 2000. The influence of trade is evident on ancient Samharam’s provincial art. Researchers Dr Alexia Pavan and Said al Mashani have mentioned about trading in the area, the foundation for which was Port of Samharam. “Port of Samharam was an important site for Indian Ocean trade. A natural harbour, its position along the coast and availability of fresh water made Samharam an ideal place and a busy and wealthy town along the route between the Mediterranean and India,” they said.